Structural Foot & Toe Problems

 A bunion is a change in the position of the big toe joint that can create a prominent area on the side of the foot. Some bunions cause no problems, while others can become painful due to joint irritation or pressure from footwear. Treatment does not necessarily mean surgery; footwear advice, pressure relief, exercises and orthoses may help manage symptoms depending on the individual. 

 Changes in the position of the smaller toes can lead to pressure against footwear and may contribute to painful corns, callus or irritation around the joints and tips of the toes. Treatment depends on whether the toes remain flexible, the level of discomfort and the problems they are causing. Options may include footwear advice, padding, pressure relief, exercises or other appropriate management. 

 Flat feet are common and do not automatically require treatment. Many people have low arches without experiencing any pain or difficulty. Assessment may be helpful when changes in foot posture are associated with pain, fatigue, reduced function or recurring injuries. Where treatment is appropriate, this may involve strengthening, footwear advice, rehabilitation or orthoses depending on the individual's symptoms and goals 

 A high-arched foot shape can increase pressure beneath particular areas of the heel and forefoot, although many people with high arches experience no problems at all. When symptoms do occur, they may include pain, callus, footwear difficulties or instability. Assessment can help identify where pressure or function may be contributing to symptoms and guide appropriate management. 

 A ganglion is a fluid-filled lump that can develop around a joint or tendon and may occur on the foot or around the ankle. Some ganglions cause no symptoms, while others can become painful or uncomfortable, particularly when irritated by footwear or activity. As not every lump on the foot is a ganglion, assessment is important to help establish what the swelling may be. Where appropriate, diagnostic ultrasound may be useful to examine the area in more detail, and we can advise on treatment, monitoring or referral depending on the findings.